Struktur kimia minyak sayur berbeda dari minyak bumi, untuk itu diperlukan modifikasi secara kimia rantai tak jenuh asam lemak rantai trigliserida dalam minyak kedelai. Penggunaan minyak sayur sebagai pengganti minyak bumi menjadi perhatian banyak peneliti. Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Busa Poliuretan Berbasis Kedelai Menggunakan Etilen Glikol dalam Poliol. The synergize of stoichiometry ratio of co-reagent EG to soy-epoxide with best temperature, with the absence of EG in polyurethane formula can produce an ultimate property of polyurethane foam. The ingredients for foam synthesis soy-polyol, Toluene diisocyanate (TDI): a mixture of 2.4 and 2.6 isomers in ratio of 80:20 (TDI T-80), surfactant, and distilled water. One step process was applied for the foam synthesis. The aim of this research is using soy-derived polyol for petro-polyol replacement aligned with drop-off of petro-derived reagent EG. Referred to the previous study, the existence of EG in polyurethane synthesis can improved physical properties of polyurethane foam. Ethylene glycol (EG) as co-reagent was taking part in soy-polyol synthesis, and the soy-polyol was used as a sole polyol for polyurethane synthesis. A two step process was conducted for the preparation of soy-polyol in designated temperatures 50 ☌, 60 ☌, and 70 ☌. The chemical structure of vegetable oils are different from petrochemicals, so the structure of soybean oil has to be chemically modified through its unsaturated fatty acid chain in triglyceride. The use of vegetable oils on replacing petroleum has attracted attention of many researchers.
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